Airbus Flight Control System
FLIGHT CONTROL LAWS SUMMARY |
|
NORMAL LAW |
Normal operating configuration of the system. Failure of any single computer does not affect normal law.
Covers 3-axis control, flight envelope protection, and load alleviation. Has 3 modes according to phase of flight. |
Ground
Mode |
- Active when aircraft is on the ground.
- Direct proportional relationship between the sidestick deflection and deflection of the flight controls.
- Is active until shortly after liftoff.
- After touchdown, ground mode is reactivated and resets the stabilizer trim to zero.
|
Flight
Mode |
- Becomes active shortly after takeoff and remains active until shortly before touchdown.
- Sidestick deflection and load factor imposed on the aircraft are directly proportional, regardless of airspeed.
- With sidestick neutral and wings level, system maintains a 1 g load in pitch.
- No requirement to change pitch trim for changes in airspeed, configuration, or bank up to 33 degrees.
- At full aft/fwd sidestick deflection system maintains maximum load factor for flap position.
- Sidestick roll input commands a roll rate request.
- Roll rate is independent of airspeed.
- A given sidestick deflection always results in the same roll rate response.
- Turn coordination and yaw damping are computed by the ELACs and transmitted to the FACs.
- No rudder pedal feedback for the yaw damping and turn coordination functions.
|
Flare
Mode |
- Transition to flare mode occurs at 50' RA during landing.
- System memorizes pitch attitude at 50' and begins to progressively reduce pitch, forcing pilot to flare the aircraft
- In the event of a go-around, transition to flight mode occurs again at 50' RA.
|
Protections |
Load factor Limitation
- Prevents pilot from overstressing the aircraft even if full sidestick deflections are applied.
Attitude Protection
- Pitch limited to 30 deg up, 15 deg down, and 67 deg of bank.
- These limits are indicated by green = signs on the PFD.
- Bank angles in excess of 33 deg require constant sidestick input.
- If input is released the aircraft returns to and maintains 33 deg of bank.
High Angle of Attack Protection (alpha):
- When alpha exceeds alpha prot, elevator control switches to alpha protection mode in which angle of attack is proportional to sidestick deflection.
- Alpha max will not be exceeded even if the pilot applies full aft deflection
High Speed Protection:
- Prevents exceeding VMO or MMO by introducing a pitch up load factor demand.
- The pilot can NOT override the pitch up command.
Low Energy Warning:
- Available in CONF 2, 3, or FULL between 100' and 2, 000' RA when TOGA not selected.
- Produces aural "SPEED SPEED SPEED" when change in flight path alone is insufficient to regain a positive flight path (Thrust must be increased).
|
ALTERNATE LAW |
If Multiple Failures of Redundant Systems occur, the flight controls revert to Alternate Law.
The ECAM displays the message: ALTN LAW: PROT LOST |
Ground
|
Source: www.airbusdriver.net
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